Nanomedicine for Neurological Disorders: Advanced Nanotherapeutic Strategies, Blood–Brain Barrier Targeting, and Translational Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.68050/JAMS.2026.169Keywords:
Nanomedicine; Neurological Disorders; Blood–Brain Barrier; Nanoparticles; Targeted Drug Delivery; NeurodegenerationAbstract
Diseases of the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, glioblastoma and traumatic brain injury, continue to be important causes of disability and death around the world. However, the effectiveness of conventional therapies is often hampered by poor solubility, systemic toxicity, and fast metabolism and by limited transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Nanomedicine has come up as a novel treatment modality that can overcome these limitations by targeted delivery, controlled release, improved drug bio-availability and precision treatment. It summarizes the design and biomedical applications of lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, liposomes, exosomes, nanogels, magnetic nanoparticles and biomimetic nano-carriers in the field of neurological disorders in a comprehensive manner. A special attention is given to BBB-targeting strategies, receptor-mediated transport, stimulus-responsive nanoplatforms, neuroprotective therapeutics and nanotheranostic systems, involving simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Current clinical evidence, regulatory issues and future prospects for emerging developments in AI-driven nanotechnology design, personalized nanomedicine and translational research are critically discussed in this chapter.
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