Comparison of Transport Fares across the States of the Southeast Region of Nigeria Using the Kruskal–Wallis (H) Test
Keywords:
Transport fare, South-eastern Nigeria, Price fluctuation, Nonparametric StatisticsAbstract
This study investigated transport fares across the South-eastern states of Nigeria, utilizing data obtained directly from the National Bureau of Statistics. The primary focus was on three types of transportation: bus journeys (within the city), bus journeys (intercity), and journeys by motorcycle (okada). It was observed that the collected datasets did not meet the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance. As a result, the Kruskal–Wallis (H) test, a nonparametric method particularly suited for comparing three or more independent groups, was employed for the analysis. The findings revealed no significant variations in the prices of bus journey (within city), bus journeys (intercity) and journey by motorcycle (okada) across the South-eastern states, Imo State recorded the highest average price for bus journey (within city) and journey by motorcycle (okada), while Anambra State had the highest average price for bus journeys (intercity) during the study period.
References
1. Adeniji K (1983a). Public Transportation and Urban Development in Nigeria. Institute of Town Planners. 111: 1
2. Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). (2023). Impact of Inflation and Monetary Policy on Transportation and Living Costs in Nigeria, 2016-2023. Abuja, Nigeria: Central Bank of Nigeria.
3. Fadare SO, Hay AM (1990). Housing Densities, Life Style and Travel Behaviour in a Third World city, The Example of Ibadan”, Nig. J. Econ And Soc. Stud. 32: 2
4. Federal Ministry of Works and Housing. (2021). National Infrastructure and Road Development Progress Report. Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Works and Housing.
5. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2022). Annual Transport Fare Watch Report: Regional Trends in Transportation Costs, 2016-2023. Abuja, Nigeria: National Bureau of Statistics.
6. Okeke, F. O., Echendu, I. F., Nnaemeka-Okeke, R. C., (2021). Determinants Of Intra-Urban Travel in Southeast Nigeria, Evidence from the City of Enugu. Transport Problems, 16 (4): 185-198.
7. Soltani, A. and Ivaki, Y. E. (2011).The Influence of Urban Physical Form on Trip Generation, Evidence from Metropolitan Shiraz, Iran. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4 (9): 1168-1174.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Articles published in the Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies (JAMS) are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), unless otherwise stated. Authors retain copyright of their work and grant JAMS the right of first publication.
