The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Work Environment, Leadership, and Peer Influence on Job Performance in the Ministry of Home Affairs, Malaysia
Keywords:
job performance, job satisfaction, work environment, leadership, peer influence, public sector, MalaysiaAbstract
This study develops a conceptual framework examining work environment, leadership, and peer influence as predictors of job performance, with job satisfaction acting as a mediating variable, among employees in Malaysia’s Ministry of Home Affairs. Effective public service delivery and national security depend on a high-performing workforce, yet limited research has integrated these three key workplace factors into a single framework within the Malaysian public sector context. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory and Job Demands–Resources Theory, this study proposes that a conducive work environment, supportive leadership, and positive peer relations function as vital resources that enhance job satisfaction, which in turn drives improved job performance. A quantitative research design employing survey questionnaires and Structural Equation Modelling will be used to test the hypothesised relationships. It is expected that the findings will confirm job satisfaction as a significant mediator linking each predictor to job performance. Theoretically, this study extends both theories to the context of Malaysian security administration. Practically, the results will offer policymakers and organisational managers evidence-based strategies to optimise the work environment, strengthen leadership practices, and foster constructive peer collaboration — ultimately enhancing workforce well-being, organisational effectiveness, and public service delivery.
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