Identification of Socio-Economic Changes of Rural Community via the Establishing Process of Broiler Farming Business (Case Study in Indonesia)
Keywords:
Social Changes, Rural Community, Broiler Farming BusinessAbstract
The research aims to know the establishing process of broiler farming business in rural areas and social dynamic changes symptoms occurring in rural communities after the establishment of broiler farming business located in Kolongan Village, Talawaan District, North Minahasa Regency. Furthermore, this research employed a descriptively qualitative approach with case study characteristics. The data collecting technique used interviews and observation as well as supporting documentation. The selection technique of the research's sample was purposively sampling, using selected samples with a total of 87 (eighty-seven) persons, representing 16 village government apparatus and public figures, 16 broiler entrepreneurs or farmers, and 55 local communities. In detail, the data analysis technique used the interactive analysis model from Miles and Huberman, including four stages, such as data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The results of the research demonstrate that the establishing process of the broiler farming business in Kolongan Village was influenced by both internal and external community factors. The internal factors were dissatisfaction with the existing condition, financial capital capabilities, open-minded community to innovation, and limited knowledge of the impacts of livestock waste. Meanwhile, the external factors were governmental policies regarding partnership models in the broiler farming business, husbandry holding companies, and the existence of financial institutions as capital loan providers. In terms of social changes identified in the research, there were three classifications of changes, such as the first phase of change included norm system changes, social status shifting, and social attitude; the second phase of change was the rising
broiler farming business as new economy institution in Kolongan Village, development of norm system, and the occurring new social group, shifting of living, social organization pattern and economic orientation changes; and, the third phase of change was development of regulations regarding broiler farming business, socio-economic structure changes of broiler farmers.
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